Mac Os Lion 10.8 Free Download UPDATED Free

Mac Os Lion 10.8 Free Download

Ninth major release of OS X

Os X Mountain King of beasts

A version of the macOS operating system
Screenshot of OS X Mountain Panthera leo
Developer	Apple Inc.
OS family	Macintosh Unix [1]
Source model	Closed, with open source components
Released to manufacturing	July 25, 2012; 9 years agone  (2012-07-25)
Latest release	10.8.five (Build 12F2560) / August xiii, 2015; 6 years agone  (2015-08-13)
Platforms	x86-64
Kernel type	Hybrid (XNU)
License	Apple tree Public Source License (APSL) and Apple end-user license agreement (EULA)
Preceded by	Bone X Lion
Succeeded by	Bone Ten Mavericks
Official website	Apple - Os X Mount Lion - Motility your Mac fifty-fifty further alee. at the Wayback Machine (archived 2012-12-31)
Support status
Unsupported as of about November xix, 2015. iTunes is fully unsupported as of August 2016. [2]
Manufactures in the series
Game Heart Gatekeeper Messages Notification Center

Bone X Mountain Lion (version x.8) is the ninth major release of macOS, Apple tree Inc.'s desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. Os X Mount Lion was released on July 25, 2012, for purchase and download through Apple tree'southward Mac App Shop, every bit office of a switch to releasing OS X versions online and every year, rather than every two years or then. Named to signify its condition as a refinement of the previous Os X version, Lion, Apple's stated aims in developing Mountain Panthera leo were to allow users to more easily manage and synchronise content between multiple Apple devices and to make the operating system more familiar.

The operating system gained the new malware-blocking system Gatekeeper and integration with Apple'southward online Game Center and iCloud services, while the Safari web browser was updated to version 6. Every bit on iOS, Notes and Reminders became full applications, separate from Mail service and Agenda, while the iChat application was replaced with a version of iOS'due south Letters. Mountain King of beasts also added a version of iOS's Notification Center, which groups updates from different applications in one identify. Integrated links allowing the user to rapidly transfer content to Twitter were present in the operating organisation from launch. Facebook integration was also planned but unfinished at launch date. Information technology was released as a downloadable update subsequently.

Bone X Mount Lion received positive reviews, with critics praising Notification Center, Messages, and speed improvements over Mac Bone X Lion, while criticizing iCloud for unreliability and Game Centre for lack of games. Mountain Panthera leo sold three million units in the first four days, and has sold 28 one thousand thousand units every bit of June ten, 2013, making it Apple's almost popular OS Ten release. Mountain Lion was the last paid upgrade for an Bone 10 major release, with Os X Mavericks and afterward being gratuitous. Apple afterwards immune free downloads of the Bone, especially for customers of older and no longer officially supported Macintosh computers, starting on June 30, 2021. ^[3] The same do was as well applied to its predecessor, Mac OS X Lion.

History [ edit ]

Bone X Mount King of beasts was officially announced by Apple tree on their website on February 16, 2012, as a successor to Os Ten Lion. ^[4] Information technology achieved golden master status on July nine, 2012. ^[5]

During the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference keynote on June 11, 2012, Apple tree announced a "near terminal" release version of Mountain King of beasts for developers, with the public version arriving in July 2012 at a price tag of US$19.99 ^[6] (€15.99 in Europe, £13.99 in the U.k., $xx.99 in Australia and ￥128 in Mainland Red china). The third generation MacBook Pro, revised MacBook Air, iPad Smart Case, and third-generation AirPort Express were announced at the keynote too. ^[7]

The specific release date of July 25 was not confirmed until the day before, July 24, by Apple CEO, Tim Cook, as role of Apple's 2012 third-quarter earnings declaration. ^[8] It was released to the Mac App Store on July 25, 2012, where it sold iii million units in the commencement four days of release. ^{[9] [10]}

An update for Mountain Panthera leo, version x.8.1, was released on August 23, 2012. It resolved issues with iMessages, Migration Assistant, Safari, Microsoft Substitution Server, Mail, and many other applications. ^[11] Tests of the update revealed that 10.8.1 besides improved battery life on laptops, albeit gaining back only half of the bombardment life that was lost in updating to Mountain Panthera leo. ^[12] Although 10.8.1 improved bombardment life for some customers, others continue to complain about reduced battery life and a constant drop in battery health, ultimately resulting in a "Service Battery" bulletin. ^[13]

System requirements [ edit ]

The official arrangement requirements of OS X 10.8 are 2 GB RAM, 8 GB available storage, Bone X 10.vi.eight (Snowfall Leopard) or afterward, on whatsoever of the post-obit Macs: ^[14]

• iMac (Mid 2007 or newer. Late 2006 is supported if an app called MlPostFactor v0.iii is used.)
• MacBook (Aluminum, Late 2008), (Polycarbonate, Early on 2009 or newer)
• MacBook Pro (Mid/Belatedly 2007 or newer)
• MacBook Air (Late 2008 or newer)
• Mac Mini (Early 2009 or newer)
• Mac Pro (Early 2008 or newer)
• Xserve (Early 2009)

As in x.7, the primeval models supporting AirDrop are the late-2008 MacBook Pro, late-2010 MacBook Air, late-2008 MacBook, mid-2010 Mac Mini, and early-2009 Mac Pro with an AirPort Extreme card. Whatever Mac released in or after 2011, except the MacBook, supports AirPlay Mirroring. Power Nap is supported on the mid-2011 or newer MacBook Air and the MacBook Pro with Retina brandish. ^[15]

The technical basis for these requirements is incompatibility with 32-flake EFI and 32-chip kernel extensions (most importantly, drivers for GPUs shipped in some older Macs). In guild to prevent potentially incompatible systems from installing ten.viii, the installer contains a whitelist of supported motherboard IDs. Users have bypassed these limitations and so that x.8 may run with varying functionality on some officially unsupported computers. ^[xvi]

New and changed features [ edit ]

Notification Center [ edit ]

Notification Middle was added in the operating system. It provides an overview of alerts from applications and displays notifications until the user completes an associated action, rather than requiring instant resolution. Users may cull what applications appear in Notification Eye, and how they are handled. ^[17] In that location are iii types of notifications: banners, alerts, and badges. Banners are displayed for a curt period of fourth dimension in the upper right corner of the Mac'southward screen, and and then slide off to the right. The icon of the application is displayed on the left side of the banner, while the message from the application will be displayed on the right side. Alerts are the same every bit banners, but will not disappear from the screen until the user takes activeness. Badges are blood-red notification icons that are displayed on the application'due south icon. They signal the number of items available for the application. ^[18]

Notification Centre tin be accessed past clicking the icon in the right corner of the menu bar. When open, the user can click a button to tweet, post status updates to Facebook, or view all notifications in the sidebar pane. Swiping upwards will reveal the option to disable Notification Centre for i day. ^[xix] Many settings of Notification Center can be customized under the "Notifications" pane in System Preferences. Each application can have 3 ways to display notifications: none, banners, and alerts. Options to toggle the app icons and sounds are also bachelor. Users can click and elevate an app in the pane to change the order the applications are displayed inside Notification Center. ^[20]

Notes [ edit ]

Notes, another transfer from iOS, is added. Information technology is dissever from Mail in its own application, with support for desktop notes added (syncs along with its iOS counterpart). ^{[21] [22]} Created notes are synced through all the user'southward Apple devices through the iCloud service.^{[ commendation needed ]} Notes tin can be arranged in folders, and pinned to the user's desktop. When the awarding is airtight, the pinned notation still remains.^{[ commendation needed ]}

Notes can be created in three different default fonts - Noteworthy, Mark Felt, and Helvetica. Users tin add custom fonts past visiting the Show Fonts carte. The carte du jour allows users to alter text size, format lists, choose the alignment (left, center, justify, or correct), assign a writing direction, and indent text. Attachments, images, and hyperlinks can also be added into a annotation. Attachments cannot be viewed on iOS devices. ^[23]

Messages [ edit ]

Messages, an instant messaging software application, is added in Mountain Panthera leo. It was announced on February 16, 2012, as part of the Os X Mount King of beasts developer preview. ^[24] Starting with this release, Messages replaced iChat as the default OS 10 instant-messaging client. A free beta version of Messages was bachelor to download for Mac Bone X Lion from the Apple website until June 2012. ^[25] The final version of Messages was included with the release version of Bone X Mountain King of beasts. ^[26]

As with its predecessor, Letters has text messaging, sound, and screen-sharing capabilities. Messages besides contains native video conversation back up, utilizing Apple's FaceTime video calling awarding where possible. However, information technology does retain video capabilities for interfacing with other instant messaging clients. ^{[27] [28]} Messages supports Apple tree's iMessage, a free instant messaging service previously merely available on devices running iOS 5. Information technology also supports both Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) (shown in the application nether its former name, Jabber) and the AOL Instant Messenger (AIM) OSCAR protocol. It also offers a directly connection to Yahoo! Messenger and Google Talk. ^[25]

Game Center [ edit ]

The Game Center application from iOS was added in OS Ten Mount Lion. It is an online multiplayer social-gaming network, and allows users to invite friends to play a game, showtime a multiplayer game through matchmaking, rails their achievements, and compare their high scores on a leader board. ^[29] Points are awarded to players every bit a office of Game Center'south achievement tracking system. Players tin earn points by coming together specific in-game challenges.^{[ citation needed ]}

A actor must establish an Apple ID to acquaintance with a Game Heart nickname. ^[xxx] A player has the option to create an Apple ID from within Game Center if they do not already have one. But one nickname may be associated with an Apple ID at any given fourth dimension.^{[ commendation needed ]} Each role player is assigned a profile in Game Centre. A profile consists of the player's nickname, the number of Game Centre-compatible games the actor owns, the number of friends the role player has, the number of accomplishment points a role player has, and an optional photo and player-divers status.^{[ commendation needed ]}

Application updates [ edit ]

Bone X Mountain Lion added updates for many applications on the operating arrangement. The Chess app supports Game Center. Dashboard widgets can be managed in a UI similar to Launchpad. ^[31] Mail adds new VIP feature to relieve frequent contacts. ^[32] The Preview app gets an improved user interface. ^[33] It is able to make full out forms in PDF documents that don't contain actual PDF form fields. Reminders is a new to-practise list application, separate from Agenda in its own awarding that syncs along with its iOS analogue. ^[34] Safari 6 gets a new release and features a new address bar; a combination of the address bar and the search field. The accost bar likewise has a "Reader" button, showing the user just the text of the article without advertisements and distraction. When the user is on a website with no commodity, the button is disabled. ^[35] Safari 6 is bachelor as a download for Mac OS 10 Lion. Fourth dimension Motorcar is able to do rotating backups on more than than ane storage medium. ^[36]

Other applications found in Mountain Lion [ edit ]

• Drome Utility
• App Shop
• Archive Utility
• Audio MIDI Setup
• Automator
• Bluetooth File Exchange
• Boot Army camp Assistant
• Calculator
• ColorSync Utility)
• Console
• Contacts
• Dictionary
• Digital Color Meter
• Disk Utility
• DVD Role player
• FaceTime
• Font Book
• GarageBand (may non be pre-installed)
• Grab
• Grapher
• iMovie (may not be pre-installed)
• iTunes
• Epitome Capture
• Keychain Access
• Keynote (may non be pre-installed)
• Letters
• Migration Assistant
• Notes
• Notification Center
• Numbers (may not be pre-installed)
• Pages (may not be pre-installed)
• Photo Booth
• QuickTime Role player
• Script Editor
• Stickies
• System Information
• Terminal
• TextEdit
• VoiceOver Utility

Other updates [ edit ]

AirPlay Mirroring is added, which allows wireless mirroring of a Mac's screen to an Apple TV. ^[37] System-wide integration of AirPlay audio transmission is added. ^[38] There are many new features for Chinese users, including support for Baidu as an option for Safari search engine, QQ, 163.com and 126.com services for Mail, Contacts and Calendar, Youku, Tudou and Sina Weibo are integrated into share sheets. ^[39] Dictation, new in Mountain Panthera leo, is a arrangement-wide voice input mechanism that requires a broadband Net connexion. ^{[40] [41]} Facebook gained full integration following an update in late 2012. Some of the features include single-sign on and integration in Notification Centre, Contacts and Share Sheets. ^[42] Gatekeeper, likewise new to Mountain Lion, is an anti-malware feature based on digital signatures and the Mac App Store. ^[43]

Power Nap allows wink storage-based Macintoshes (late 2010 MacBook Air and afterwards, or the MacBook Pro with Retina display) to synchronize with iCloud (Reminders, Calendars, Photograph Stream, Notes, Mail service, and Find My Mac) while sleeping and as well allows a Mac to download App Store and Bone X updates as well every bit make periodic Time Machine backups when information technology is plugged in and sleeping. Several new screensavers were added. ^[44] Share Sheets, a "Share" button and dialog box in Safari and other applications, are added. ^[45] Twitter was integrated with almost all of the applications, with single-sign on, tweeting from an app, Tweet Sheets, tweeting photos and links, using multiple Twitter accounts, Twitter notifications, profile picture integration, and Location Services bachelor. ^[46]

Application updates automatically install from the Mac App Store. The iCloud library User interface (UI) was integrated throughout the operating systems, which includes new Open and Salvage dialog boxes across congenital-in applications, iWork and third-party applications via an Application programming interface (API). Applications that make use of this API back up a new user interface to view and manage documents in the cloud that are specific to the application being used. ^[47] Documents can be renamed from the title bar. iWork documents automatically synchronize with iCloud. The full screen ability is on every display.^{[ citation needed ]}

The Dock has received an updated look, emulating the advent of the aluminum metallic surface that much of Apple's current hardware line-upwards sports. ^[48] Curlicue bars widen when the mouse hovers over them. Finder displays a progress bar in the "size" cavalcade when copying a file, and on icons in Launchpad when downloading from the Mac App Store. Launchpad has Spotlight search for finding applications. ^[49] Accost Book was renamed "Contacts", ^[47] and iCal was renamed "Agenda". ^[47]

Dropped and changed features [ edit ]

• MobileMe was replaced entirely by iCloud, specifically in Organization Preferences options.^{[ citation needed ]}
• RSS support in Mail and Safari was removed; a message is shown to suggest to users that they search the Mac App Store for an RSS app.^{[ citation needed ]}
• The Software Update service was unified into the Mac App Store. ^[51]
• The list of updates installed in the past was removed. ^[52]
• The "Web Sharing" option was removed from System Preferences. Apache is still included with the operating system and can be enabled using third-party software. ^[53]
• When the X11 app is opened, users are directed to the open source XQuartz project instead. ^[54]
• Xgrid back up was removed (including in Os X Server edition). ^[55]
• The Brandish Preferences status bill of fare was replaced past the AirPlay icon, and information technology is no longer possible to apace switch resolutions without first opening up preferences. ^[56]
• The selection in Menu Bar to brandish battery life using "Time" is no longer offered. Instead, the only option is to display bombardment "Pct". Notwithstanding, battery time tin still exist viewed in the dropdown by clicking on the battery icon.^{[ citation needed ]}

Reception [ edit ]

Reception for OS X Mountain Panthera leo has generally been positive, with users considering it to be a major improvement over ten.7 Panthera leo. John Siracusa of Ars Technica said that 10.eight corrected and simplified UI changes made with Lion, saying that it had become "what 10.7 should've been" and that the faster speeds and features merit the upgrade, then adding that "If we'd had to wait for two years later x.vi for the side by side major release of OS Ten, chances are good that the worst of the missteps in Lion would just exist landing on our doorsteps today. I'll take 10.8, thanks." ^[52] Many reviewers institute that Mountain Lion was far more stable than its predecessor, including Jason Snell of Macworld , who said "All told, I institute Mountain Lion to be a stable, solid release. Even prerelease builds were far more stable than I've come to expect from Os 10 betas, leading me to wonder if Apple tree's new annual schedule is leading to more careful incremental updates (with fewer bugs) rather than bang-up leaps (with more, nastier bugs)." ^[57]

The full general attitude towards Mountain Lion was that information technology was faster and smoother, including Brian Heater of Engadget, who said the post-obit:

Taken as a whole, the features mark a adequately aggressive bid to fold the best of OS X and iOS into one product -- a strategy nosotros first saw with the introduction of the Mac App Store on Snowfall Leopard, and with the arrival of Launchpad last twelvemonth in King of beasts. [...] That said, information technology seems time for Apple tree to make a assuming new pronouncement on the desktop front. The company appears to have most of its resources invested in the mobile side -- and there's no question every bit to why: the iPhone and iPad take reinvigorated the company, making it a computing player on a scale that no one (save, possibly, for Jobs himself) could take predicted a decade ago. Even so, information technology might be hard for OS X users not to experience neglected -- many of the latest new features feel a bit like iOS mitt-me-downs. When and if Apple tree rolls out a new operating system this time next year, hopefully we'll exist seeing a very different side of Mac OS. ^[58]

MG Siegler of TechCrunch said that the difference between Lion and Mount Lion was not comparable to the deviation between Leopard and Snow Leopard because Mountain Lion adds many new features that were not available in King of beasts. He also praised the application compatibility and said that the only updates needed were to add Notification Middle features to applications. ^[59] Jim Dalrymple of The Loop commented "there will be tens of thousands of words published on Wednesday when Mountain Lion hits the Mac App Store, but let's face information technology, what y'all really want to know is whether Mountain Panthera leo is worth the upgrade. Let'due south get that out of the fashion now — yes, it is definitely worth information technology," and said that at $nineteen.99, Mountain Panthera leo was a "bargain". ^[sixty] David Pogue of The New York Times said "Over all, then, Mountain Lion is a gentle, thoughtful upgrade. All 200 new features? No, not really. But 10 that you'll use every mean solar day? For $20? Yes." ^[61]

While the operating system in general was well received, some reviewers dissented from that viewpoint. Jesus Diaz of Gizmodo felt that Apple was running out of ideas and that Microsoft's Windows eight may out-introduce Os X. ^[62] Apple also received criticism for failing to provide an official upgrade pathway for owners of 2006 Mac Pro workstation computers. ^[63]

Game Middle was the most criticised aspect of Mountain Lion. Reviewers criticized the service for the lack of games available, reliability issues and the lack of integration with iOS games. Scott Stein of CNET commented "Game Center-compatible titles will have achievements, leaderboard info...and, potentially, a way of playing cross-platform games. Every bit of the time of this mail service, I could discover only seven Game Middle games featured the Mac App Store," and "Until Game Centre becomes a complete portal for all games on the Mac, and a truthful method of cross-platform iOS/Mac play, I'thou non sure many people will even bother checking it out." ^[64] Matt Clark of MacLife also commented that if developers don't develop applications for Game Center, information technology is "likely doomed to sit unnoticed on your hard drive". ^[65]

Mount Lion sold 3 million units in the first four days, making it Apple'due south about successful Bone X release to date. ^[10] A report by Chitika Insights revealed that Bone Ten Mountain King of beasts had been used past 3.ii% of Os Ten users within the first 48 hours of release, and 10% penetration in the start month. ^[66]

Release history [ edit ]

Version	Build [67]	Date	Bone name	Notes	Standalone download
10.eight	12A269 (GM)	July 25, 2012	Darwin 12.0	Original retail Mac App Store release
x.8.one	12B19	Baronial 23, 2012	Darwin 12.1	Virtually Bone X Mount Lion v10.8.1 Update	Bone X v10.8.1 Private update
10.8.2	12C54	September xix, 2012	Darwin 12.ii	About OS X Mountain Lion v10.eight.2 Update	OS X v10.viii.2 Individual update OS Ten v10.8.2 Combo update
	12C60	Oct 4, 2012		About OS X Mountain King of beasts v10.viii.ii Update (supplementary update described at the end)	OS X v10.8.ii Supplemental Update one.0
	12C2034	October 23, 2012		For Mac Mini (Late 2012) (Pulled) [68]
	12C3104	Nov 29, 2012		For Mac Mini (Late 2012) [68]	Bone X v10.viii.two Supplemental Update 2.0
10.8.3	12D78	March fourteen, 2013	Darwin 12.iii	About OS X Mountain King of beasts v10.8.3 Update	Os X v10.8.three Individual update OS Ten v10.eight.iii Philharmonic update
10.8.4	12E55	June 4, 2013	Darwin 12.4	About OS X Mountain Lion v10.viii.4 Update	OS X v10.viii.4 Individual update OS X v10.8.4 Combo update
	12E3067	June x, 2013		For MacBook Air (Mid 2013)
	12E4022	September 25, 2013		For iMac (Late 2013)
10.8.5	12F37	September 12, 2013	Darwin 12.five	About the Os X Mountain Lion v10.8.5 Update	OS X v10.8.5 Private update Bone X v10.8.5 Philharmonic update
	12F45	October three, 2013	Darwin 12.five xnu-2050.48.12~1	About the Bone X Mountain Lion v10.8.five Supplemental Update	Os X v10.8.5 Supplemental Update
		Jan 27, 2015	Darwin 12.six xnu-2050.48.15~1	Nearly the security content of OS Ten Yosemite v10.10.2 and Security Update 2015-001	Security Update 2015-001 Mount Lion
	12F2501	March ix, 2015		Almost Security Update 2015-002	Security Update 2015-002 Mountain King of beasts
	12F2518	April 8, 2015	Darwin 12.6 xnu-2050.48.xix~1	About the security content of Security Update 2015-004	Security Update 2015-004 Mount King of beasts
	12F2542	June 30, 2015		About the security content of Security Update 2015-005	Security Update 2015-005 Mount Lion
	12F2560	August 13, 2015		About the security content of Security Update 2015-006	Security Update 2015-006 Mount King of beasts

Annotation: Combo updates include all previous releases (ex: 10.viii to 10.8.three). Individual update is a smaller packet size and can be used if currently using the previous release (ex: 10.8.two to 10.8.3).

See likewise [ edit ]

• History of macOS
• List of Macintosh software

References [ edit ]

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External links [ edit ]

• Official website at the Wayback Machine (archived October xviii, 2013)
• WWDC Keynote at the Wayback Machine (archived September 2, 2012)

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